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2019| January-March | Volume 9 | Issue 1
Online since
January 4, 2019
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ORIGINAL ARTICLES
Knowledge and attitude toward first aid: A cross-sectional study in the United Arab Emirates
Omar Midani, Tala Tillawi, Ahmad Saqer, Mohammad Bakri Hammami, Hazem Taifour, Heba Mohammad
January-March 2019, 9(1):1-7
DOI
:10.4103/AJM.AJM_140_18
PMID
:30697519
Background:
Injury is an important cause of mortality and morbidity. It is the second most common cause of death in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) for the last 15 years, claiming more than 1200 lives annually. Those numbers can be significantly reduced through first aid (FA) education and training. The aim of this study was to investigate the knowledge and attitude toward FA in the UAE.
Methods:
Self-administered questionnaires were distributed through nonprobability sampling method to more than 500 residents across the UAE, aged at least 30 years. Data collection was conducted between July 20, 2017, and September 20, 2017. The number of participants from each city was proportionate to the population size according to the latest available census.
Results:
More than half of the population (54.2%) were not sufficiently knowledgeable about basic FA. Only 33.8% took an FA course. Age of the participants, higher education, and taking FA courses significantly increased the knowledge about basic FA information. Most of the population showed positive attitude toward FA and were willing to take an FA course in the future.
Conclusion:
The knowledge about FA in the UAE population is limited. FA courses must be made more accessible for the population and updated at frequent intervals. More emphasis should be given to basic FA information.
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Barriers to research activities as perceived by medical university students: A cross-sectional study
Sakineh Dadipoor, Ali Ramezankhani, Teamur Aghamolaei, Ali Safari-Moradabadi
January-March 2019, 9(1):8-14
DOI
:10.4103/AJM.AJM_121_18
PMID
:30697520
Context:
The importance of research is revealed by the fact that the top seven science producing countries in the world are the same seven countries worldwide in terms of the research facilities.
Aim:
To explore the barriers to research activities among the students of the Hormozgan Medical University.
Settings and Design:
A total of 400 students affiliated with the Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences participated in this cross-sectional study.
Methods:
The sampling method was proportional stratified, and the data collection instrument was a tripartite questionnaire that comprised demographic information, personal barriers, and organizational barriers.
Statistical analysis:
The data were statistically analyzed by the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software (V.16.0, SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) using descriptive statistics as well as the independent sample
t
-test, one-way analysis of variance, and Pearson’s correlation coefficient. The level of significance was set at
P
< 0.05.
Results:
The most prevalent personal barriers were inadequate knowledge of research methodology (2.91±1.24) and inadequate skill in research conduction (2.89±1.36). In the realm of organizational barriers, limited access to information sources was the most prevalent barrier (2.75±2.27). The results showed that researcher students encounter more of the organizational barriers (56.13±13.90), whereas non-researcher students faced more of the personal barriers (53.80±10.95).
Conclusion:
Establishing access to high-speed Internet system, raising students’ awareness of research methodology through workshops, encouraging and motivating students for research work, and using online sources can help in removing the barriers to research activities.
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CASE REPORTS
Primary central nervous system Hodgkin Lymphoma: A case discussion and a hypothesis on the etiology
Ahmad Alfaseh, Mhd Nabeel Rajeh, Ghiath Hamed
January-March 2019, 9(1):28-31
DOI
:10.4103/ajm.AJM_104_18
PMID
:30697523
Hodgkin Lymphoma (HL) is a systemic disease with involvement of the cervical, supraclavicular, and mediastinal lymph nodes. It is commonly diagnosed in patients within the second and third decades of their lives. Diagnosis is usually made based on the distinct morphological and immunohistochemical characteristics, with the tissue biopsy being the cornerstone of workup. Extranodal presentation of HL is unusual and seldom encountered. Primary HL of the central nervous system (CNS) is exceedingly rare. We herein report a case of a 38yearold male patient who was diagnosed with primary CNSHL. The patient was treated with complete surgical resection followed by radiotherapy and chemotherapy. The patient was diseasefree for 7 years postoperatively without any clinical evidence of relapse. We also discussed a possible role of CNS regulatory Tcells (Tregs) in developmental primary CNSHL.
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Possible acute rejection associated with the use of the new antihepatitis C virus medications
Khaled A Karkout, Saleema Al Sherif, Qutaiba Hussein, Alia Albawardi, Yousef Boobes
January-March 2019, 9(1):32-34
DOI
:10.4103/AJM.AJM_171_17
PMID
:30697524
Hepatitis C virus infection is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. It remains a major challenge for management and treatment, especially in patients with renal transplant. The new directacting antiviral agents gave big hopes to both clinicians and patients that they can overcome this challenge without major side effects. Studies recently have supported this claim; however, they are still few, limited, and may give false hopes. In the following case report, we present a case, supported by histological evidence about a possible acute rejection of kidney transplant after treatment with these new medications. This case is limited by the absence of donorspecific antibodies. This report is aimed to increase awareness about the urgent need for further studies.
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LETTERS TO THE EDITOR
Taking horse to the pond: Applying Bourdieu’s concepts in undergraduate student research
V Dinesh Kumar
January-March 2019, 9(1):35-36
DOI
:10.4103/AJM.AJM_127_18
PMID
:30697525
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1,980
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Aggressive recurrent orbital rhabdomyosarcoma in adulthood
Tagrid Y Ahmad, Hasan N Al Houri, Abdullah N Al Houri, Nagham Y Ahmad
January-March 2019, 9(1):37-37
DOI
:10.4103/ajm.AJM_149_18
PMID
:30697526
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859
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Aggressive orbital rhabdomyosarcoma in adulthood: A case report in a public hospital in Damascus, Syria
Mahmood D Al-Mendalawi
January-March 2019, 9(1):38-38
DOI
:10.4103/ajm.AJM_137_18
PMID
:30788284
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Promoting an academic culture in the Arab world: Correspondence
Ahmad Kaako
January-March 2019, 9(1):39-41
DOI
:10.4103/ajm.AJM_169_18
PMID
:30697527
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909
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ORIGINAL ARTICLES
Gender differences in practicing standard precautions against blood-borne pathogens among surgeons at a tertiary care center: A cross-sectional study
Shahad Yousef Alsaigh, Amal Aboud Alasmari, Anadel Hassan Hakeem, Amairah Fahad Aloushan, Fatemah Saleh Bin Saleh, Alaa Althubaiti, Zeyad Yousef
January-March 2019, 9(1):15-22
DOI
:10.4103/AJM.AJM_146_18
PMID
:30697521
Background:
Surgeons are at an increased risk of contracting blood-borne pathogens. The aim of this study was to evaluate gender difference, surgical position, surgical experience, and subspecialty regarding surgeons’ compliance to standard precautions.
Methods:
A cross-sectional questionnaire-based study was performed using a purposive sampling. A total of 241 surgeons were surveyed from June 2017 to January 2018.
Results:
In total, 179 (74.3%) males and 62 (25.7%) females completed the questionnaire. The gender difference was evident when the type of surgery was extremely important in influencing the decision on wearing double gloves (DGs); 108 (60.3%) male surgeons versus 27 (43.5%) female surgeons (
P
= 0.022). Although a total of 17 (30.3%) surgeons reported being extremely and very concerned about contracting human immunodeficiency virus through their work, they had never tried DG (
P
= 0.027).
Conclusion:
This study revealed that the decision of wearing DG was affected by several factors. Surgeons’ decision to wear DG was influenced by the type of surgery. This study showed that most surgeons reported lack of adherence to barrier precaution measures.
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Predictive and prognostic value of 256-slice computed tomography angiography in patients with suspected coronary artery diseases
Rami M Abazid, Ahmad Almeman, Akram F Eldesoky, Habiba S Alenzi, Nora A Altorbak, Sarah A Altorbak, Bashayer Almotyri, Osama A Smettei
January-March 2019, 9(1):23-27
DOI
:10.4103/AJM.AJM_94_18
PMID
:30697522
Background:
Coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) is commonly used to diagnose coronary artery diseases (CADs). We aimed to determine the utility of CCTA among patients suspected with CAD at the Prince Sultan Cardiac Center Qassim.
Materials and Methods:
CCTA results of 425 cardiac patients, complaining of chest pain with suspected CAD, were used to classify coronary artery stenosis into two types: obstructive if the luminal stenosis was ≥50% or nonobstructive if it was <50%. Followups were conducted through clinic or phonebased interviews to document any of the following endpoints: nonfatal myocardial infarctions (MIs) or cardiac deaths (CDs), representing the major cardiac events. All other cardiac cases, including hospitalization with unstable angina, and/or late coronary revascularization, were documented.
Results:
Patients with a normal coronary artery were 278 (65.5%). The number of patients with nonobstructive and obstructive diseases was 85 (20%) and 62 (14.5%), respectively. After 19.6 ± 7 months of followup, 21 cardiac events occurred in twenty patients: five major adverse events (two CDs and three nonfatal MIs), ten hospitalizations due to unstable angina, and six late coronary revascularizations. Furthermore, the cumulative allcardiacevent rates in patients with normal coronary arteries, nonobstructive CAD, and obstructive CAD were 3 (1%), 7 (8.2%), and 11 (17.7%), respectively. However, patients with normal CCTA had no major cardiac events during the followup.
Conclusion:
CCTA can provide valuable prognostic information on patients with suspected CAD. Patients are likely to have excellent intermediate outcomes if the coronary arteries are confirmed to be normal by CCTA.
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